Php5 Reference Manual
Welcome There’s a lot of outdated information on the Web that leads new PHP users astray, propagating bad practices and insecure code. PHP: The Right Way is an easy-to-read, quick reference for PHP popular coding standards, links to authoritative tutorials around the Web and what the contributors consider to be best practices at the present time. There is no canonical way to use PHP.
This website aims to introduce new PHP developers to some topics which they may not discover until it is too late, and aims to give seasoned pros some fresh ideas on those topics they’ve been doing for years without ever reconsidering. This website will also not tell you which tools to use, but instead offer suggestions for multiple options, when possible explaining the differences in approach and use-case. This is a living document and will continue to be updated with more helpful information and examples as they become available. Translations PHP: The Right Way is translated into many different languages:. Book The most recent version of PHP: The Right Way is also available in PDF, EPUB and MOBI formats.
How to Contribute Help make this website the best resource for new PHP programmers! Getting Started Use the Current Stable Version (7.2) If you are getting started with PHP, start with the current stable release of. PHP 7.x adds many over the older 5.x versions. The engine has been largely re-written, and PHP is now even quicker than older versions. You should try to upgrade to the latest stable version quickly - PHP 5.6. Upgrading is easy, as there are not many. If you are not sure which version a function or feature is in, you can check the PHP documentation on the website.
Built-in web server With PHP 5.4 or newer, you can start learning PHP without installing and configuring a full-fledged web server. To start the server, run the following command from your terminal in your project’s web root: php -S localhost:8000. Mac Setup macOS comes prepackaged with PHP but it is normally a little behind the latest stable release. There are multiple ways to install the latest PHP version on macOS. Install PHP via Homebrew is a package manager for macOS that helps you easily install PHP and various extensions. The Homebrew core repository provides “formulae” for PHP 5.6, 7.0, 7.1, and 7.2. Install the latest version with this command.
Brew install php@7.2 You can switch between Homebrew PHP versions by modifying your PATH variable. Alternatively, you can use to switch PHP versions automatically. Install PHP via Macports The Project is an open-source community initiative to design an easy-to-use system for compiling, installing, and upgrading either command-line, X11 or Aqua based open-source software on the OS X operating system. MacPorts supports pre-compiled binaries, so you don’t need to recompile every dependency from the source tarball files, it saves your life if you don’t have any package installed on your system. At this point, you can install php54, php55, php56, php70 or php71 using the port install command, for example. Sudo port select -set php php71 Install PHP via phpbrew is a tool for installing and managing multiple PHP versions. This can be really useful if two different applications/projects require different versions of PHP, and you are not using virtual machines.
Install PHP via Liip’s binary installer Another popular option is which provides one liner installation methods for versions 5.3 through 7.1. It doesn’t overwrite the PHP binaries installed by Apple, but installs everything in a separate location (/usr/local/php5). Compile from Source Another option that gives you control over the version of PHP you install, is to. In that case be sure to have installed either or Apple’s substitute downloadable from Apple’s Mac Developer Center. All-in-One Installers The solutions listed above mainly handle PHP itself, and do not supply things like Apache, Nginx or a SQL server. “All-in-one” solutions such as and will install these other bits of software for you and tie them all together, but ease of setup comes with a trade-off of flexibility.
Windows Setup You can download the binaries from. After the extraction of PHP, it is recommended to set the to the root of your PHP folder (where php.exe is located) so you can execute PHP from anywhere.
For learning and local development, you can use the built in webserver with PHP 5.4+ so you don’t need to worry about configuring it. If you would like an “all-in-one” which includes a full-blown webserver and MySQL too then tools such as the, and will help get a Windows development environment up and running fast. That said, these tools will be a little different from production so be careful of environment differences if you are working on Windows and deploying to Linux. If you need to run your production system on Windows, then IIS7 will give you the most stable and best performance. You can use (a GUI plugin for IIS7) to make configuring and managing PHP simple.
IIS7 comes with FastCGI built in and ready to go, you just need to configure PHP as a handler. For support and additional resources there is a for PHP. Generally running your application on different environment in development and production can lead to strange bugs popping up when you go live. If you are developing on Windows and deploying to Linux (or anything non-Windows) then you should consider using a. Chris Tankersley has a very helpful blog post on what tools he uses to do.
Php Variable By Reference
Common Directory structure A common question among those starting out with writing programs for the web is, “where do I put my stuff?” Over the years, this answer has consistently been “where the DocumentRoot is.” Although this answer is not complete, it’s a great place to start. For security reasons, configuration files should not be accessible by a site’s visitors; therefore, public scripts are kept in a public directory and private configurations and data are kept outside of that directory. For each team, CMS, or framework one works in, a standard directory structure is used by each of those entities. However, if one is starting a project alone, knowing which filesystem structure to use can be daunting. Has done some fantastic research into common practices of tens of thousands of github projects in the realm of PHP.
Php Language Reference
He has compiled a standard file and directory structure, the, based on this research. In this directory structure, DocumentRoot should point to public/, unit tests should be in the tests/ directory, and third party libraries, as installed by, belong in the vendor/ directory. For other files and directories, abiding by the will make the most sense to contributors of a project.
Code Style Guide The PHP community is large and diverse, composed of innumerable libraries, frameworks, and components. It is common for PHP developers to choose several of these and combine them into a single project. It is important that PHP code adhere (as close as possible) to a common code style to make it easy for developers to mix and match various libraries for their projects.
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The has proposed and approved a series of style recommendations. Not all of them related to code-style, but those that do are, and. These recommendations are merely a set of rules that many projects like Drupal, Zend, Symfony, Laravel, CakePHP, phpBB, AWS SDK, FuelPHP, Lithium, etc are adopting. You can use them for your own projects, or continue to use your own personal style. Ideally, you should write PHP code that adheres to a known standard. This could be any combination of PSRs, or one of the coding standards made by PEAR or Zend. This means other developers can easily read and work with your code, and applications that implement the components can have consistency even when working with lots of third-party code.
You can use to check code against any one of these recommendations, and plugins for text editors like to be given real-time feedback. You can fix the code layout automatically by using one of the following tools:. One is the which has a very well tested codebase. Also, the tool which is included with PHPCodeSniffer can be used to adjust your code accordingly. And you can run phpcs manually from shell.